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THE  ROMAN  CATHOLIC  CHURCH
ORGANIZATIONAL    STRUCTURE

Religious Program Specialist 3 & 2, Module 01-Personnel Support
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once. The most sacred and solemn function of the church is the Mass. This is the  commemoration,  continuation,  and  consummation  of  the  Sacrifice  of the Cross. The two principal parts of the Mass are the Liturgy of the Word and the Eucharistic Liturgy. Roman   Catholic   charity   and   welfare   work   is   conducted   by   many different  organizations,  religious,  and  otherwise.  Several  religious  orders  of men  and  women  devote  full  time  to  the  relief  of  the  poor.  Education  has been  a  primary  concern  of  American  Roman  Catholics  and  there  are  well over 8 thousand Roman Catholic elementary parochial and private schools in this  country  in  addition  to  241  Roman  Catholic  colleges  and  universities. UNITARIAN   UNIVERSALIST   CHURCHES.—American   Unitarian- ism  developed  from  New  England  Congregationalism  although  Unitarian thought reaches back into the early Christian centuries. The first organized American  church  to  turn  to  Unitarianism,  however,  was  not  a  Congrega- tional  church  but  the  Episcopal  King’s  Chapel  in  Boston  in  1785.  Five American   Presidents,   including   Thomas   Jefferson,   John   Adams,   and John  Quincy  Adams,  were  Unitarians. Unitarians  have  no  creed.  The  constitution  of  the  general  conference (Unitarian Universalist) states “these churches accept the religion of Jesus, holding in accordance with His teaching that practical religion is summed up in  the  love  of  God  and  love  of  man.”  Universalists which consolidated with Unitarian churches in May 1961, have their roots in both pre-Christian and contemporary  world  faiths,  yet  remain  within  the  Christian  frame  of reference. Unitarian Universalist worship services are usually simple and readings are not taken exclusively from the Bible. Each congregation may develop its own worship services to meet its own needs. Some congregations do have a liturgical service and Christian hymns are utilized. Each   local   congregation   is   autonomous   and   enjoys   full   self- determination.  These  congregations  are  members  of  a  continental  organiza- tion,   the   Unitarian   Universalist   Association,   and   elect   its   officers   and trustees. They also express their views through their delegates’ votes at the denominations’  General  Assembly.  One  of  this  Church’s  most  notable achievements  is  its  publishing  house,  Beacon  Press,  which  circulates  over 1  million  books  throughout  the  world  each  year.  Church  headquarters  are located  in  Boston,  Massachusetts. UNITED  CHURCH  OF  CHRIST.—Seeking  to  establish  communities  in which  they  might  worship  as  they  wished,  many  17th-century  Englishmen came   to   America   and   established   Congregational   churches.   The   United Church   of   Christ   was   formed   through   a   merger   of   the   Congregational church,  the  Christian  church,  the  Evangelical  Synod,  and  the  Reformed church.  This  union  was  completed  in  July  1961. Conferences  of  local  churches  elect  delegates  to  the  biennial  General Synod, which carries on the work of the church and provides for its financial support.  Full-time  officers  of  the  church  include  a  president,  secretary, director  of  finance,  and  a  treasurer  who  are  elected  by  the  synod. Since the churches generally accept the priesthood of all believers, the full involvement  of  the  people  is  required  for  congregational  worship.  There  is 2-22







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