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CRP JARGON
Figure 2-2.Ecclesiastical Composition of the U.S. Navy Chaplain Corps in 1918 at the close of World War I

Religious Program Specialist 3 & 2, Module 01-Personnel Support
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CHAPTER 2 RELIGIOUS  REQUIREMENTS  AND PRACTICES Although much of the material in this chapter is not specifically required by Occupational Stand- ards for the RP, it is provided to the student for background knowledge in order to assist the RP in  performing  the  requirements  of  the  rating. Religion  has  been  defined  as  the  attitude  of  individuals  to  the  power(s) which they conceive as having ultimate control over their destinies and inter- ests.  Most  religions  are  organized  systems  of  belief  based  on  traditions, teachings,  and  codes  of  conduct.  Some  religions  emphasize  how  persons should  act  toward  God;  others  emphasize  relationships  between  persons. Religious traditions found throughout the world celebrate, through religious ritual and ceremony, the events which are considered to be among the most important   in   the   human   life   cycle:   birth,   the   attainment   of   adulthood, marriage, and death. These religious traditions, beliefs, and institutions also serve  as  a  source  of  strength  and  psychological  and  spiritual  support  to individuals  during  periods  of  crisis. Religions  develop  within  particular  historical  and  cultural  traditions; and,  as  a  part  of  a  specific  cultural  and  historical  stream,  they  change  as cultures change. Religion also influences the culture and setting in which it develops—thus there is a give-and-take relationship between religion and its environment. Religion has been one of the most powerful forces in history. Millions of people  have  died  for  their  religious  beliefs  and  many  nations  have  gone  to war  to  spread  or  defend  the  faiths  of  their  people.  Throughout  recorded history,  there  has  never  been  a  people  that  did  not  have  some  form  of religion. Throughout history, religion has been closely related to government, The Christian church dominated all of Europe during the middle ages and often controlled  state  policies.  Between  the  700s  and  the  1200s,  Moslems  con- quered  most  of  the  Middle  East,  North  Africa,  and  Spain  and  spread  their religion, Islam, throughout these lands. The Thirty Years War began in 1618 as  a  civil  war  between  Roman  Catholics  and  Protestants  in  the  German states.  The  partition  of  India  into  the  states  of  India  and  Pakistan  in  1947 resulted  from.  religious  differences  between  Hindus  and  Moslems. 2-1







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